抉择的艺术：定义道德困境与识别核心美德

任务情报 | Mission Brief

The Lost Wallet 👛

You found a wallet with contact info, but you urgently need money to buy medicine for your sick family member. What will you do?

你走在街上，发现一个钱包，里面有失主的联系方式。但你正好急需这笔钱为家人生病买药。此时你面临的就是一个“道德困境”。本节课我们将学习如何用英语探讨这些艰难的抉择与核心美德。

武器库 | Core Arsenal

掌握这些核心概念：

Virtues

Kindness 💖 Integrity 🛡️ Generosity 🤲

Dilemma

Choice 🔀 Conflict ⚔️ Decision 🤔

避坑雷达 | Grammar Radar

V-ing, Subject + Verb

🚨 高频易错点 Warning!

Heard the news, he hurried back.

主动关系不能用过去分词作状语。

✓

Hearing the news, he hurried back.

现在分词作状语表示原因，且与主语是主动关系。

通行证 | Can-Do Goals

学完本课，你能做到：

定义并讨论“道德困境”

Define a moral dilemma

识别并列举核心美德

Identify core virtues

使用 -ing 形式作状语

Use -ing as adverbial

📜

Culture Bit: Confucius' "Ren"

在中国传统文化中，孔子提出的“仁” (Ren) 是最高的美德。它包含了爱人、同情心和人道主义精神。在全球化背景下，这种美德与西方的 Kindness 和 Humanity 产生了深刻的共鸣，是解决道德困境的重要基石。

判断 1. Listen again: Jane is eager to share the magazine article with Luke.

回答正确：恭喜你选对了！正确答案就是 True。

💡 知识点解析：听力理解题：根据语调和关键词，Jane 表现出渴望分享的态度。

判断 2. Listen again: Luke doubts that young people face moral dilemmas all the time.

判断 3. Listen again: Jane admires what the girl in the story did.

判断 4. Listen again: Luke doesn't believe anybody would do what the girl in the story did.

判断 5. Listen again: Jane wonders how the girl became a doctor later.

填空 6. Many studies have shown that shy, passive children tend to be socially by their classmates.

填空 7. (hear) that his wife had been injured in an accident, Mr Johnson hurried to the hospital.

连线 8. Match the virtues with their meanings.

单选 9. ___ in the street, I met an old friend.

Choices of Virtue

Throughout our lives, we often face difficult choices. Sometimes, these choices are not just about what is easy, but what is right. This is called a moral dilemma.

Dr. Lin Qiaozhi, known as the "Mother of Ten Thousand Babies", faced many such dilemmas. She devoted her life to her patients. Even when she was very sick, she made a touching choice. She said, "Life is precious. Don't try to rescue me any more. Don't waste the medicine any more." She chose to leave the medicine for those who had a better chance to live. This showed her great integrity and kindness.

These virtues are deeply rooted in our culture. For example, the Lantern Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. The custom of joyfully celebrating the Lantern Festival began in ancient times and still has great influence on Chinese people today. It reminds us of the importance of family, harmony, and sharing with others.

Facing a moral dilemma is never easy. However, remembering the virtues of great people, we can find the courage to make the right decision.

展开/折叠全文翻译

在我们的一生中，经常会面临艰难的选择。有时，这些选择不仅关乎什么是容易的，更关乎什么是正确的。这被称为道德困境。被誉为“万婴之母”的林巧稚医生就面临过许多这样的困境。她将一生奉献给了病人。甚至在她病重时，她做出了一个感人的选择。她说：“生命是宝贵的。不要再试图抢救我了。不要再浪费药了。”她选择把药留给那些更有生存希望的人。这展现了她伟大的正直和善良。这些美德深深扎根于我们的文化中。例如，元宵节是中国最重要的传统节日之一。欢庆元宵节的习俗始于古代，至今仍对中国人产生着巨大影响。它提醒我们家庭、和谐以及与他人分享的重要性。面对道德困境从来都不容易。然而，铭记伟人的美德，我们就能找到做出正确决定的勇气。

问答 1. What hard choices was Dr Lin faced with throughout her life?

Hint: She had to choose between her own life and...

填空 2. The custom of joyfully celebrating the Lantern Festival began in times.

问答 3. What moral dilemma is the boy in the picture facing? (Standing between an 'Examination' room and a fallen bicycle)

Hint: He has to choose between taking the ___ and helping someone.

正确答案参考：你的答案中应该包含关键词 exam。

💡 知识点解析：图片展示了一个经典的道德困境：是去参加重要的考试，还是停下来帮助摔倒的自行车主。

判断 4. Dr. Lin Qiaozhi chose to use all the medicine to save her own life.

Step 1: Sentence Construction

Unscramble the sentence below:
连词成句：请将下方的单词重新排列组合成正确的句子。

the

dilemma

Seeing

wallet

faced

moral

Step 2: Guided Story

根据提示完成关于“传递爱心 (Paying it forward)”的短文（共10空）。

(1) Yesterday, I faced a moral . (2) I found a on the street. (3) the ID card inside, I knew who it belonged to. (4) However, I really needed money to buy for my sick mother. (5) It was a hard . (6) Then, I remembered the virtue of . (7) I decided to return it to the . (8) The man was very . (9) He gave me some money as a reward, showing his . (10) This is what we call "paying it ".

High-Scoring Sample / 高分范文

Yesterday, I faced a moral dilemma. I found a wallet on the street. Seeing the ID card inside, I knew who it belonged to. However, I really needed money to buy medicine for my sick mother. It was a hard choice. Then, I remembered the virtue of integrity. I decided to return it to the owner. The man was very thankful. He gave me some money as a reward, showing his generosity. This is what we call "paying it forward".

Step 3: Look and Write

看图写话：描述图片中男孩面临的道德困境及他的选择。

Task: Write a story based on the pictures.

Use the pictures to write the story in 6-8 sentences:
1. What did the boy find? (Picture 1)
2. What was his moral dilemma? (Picture 2)
3. What did he decide to do? (Picture 3)
4. How did he feel in the end? (Picture 4)

中文提示 (Hints)

任务：看组图并写一个故事。

根据图片写6-8句话即可：
1. 图1: 男孩发现了什么？
2. 图2: 他的道德困境是什么？（想买玩具 vs 归还）
3. 图3: 他决定怎么做？
4. 图4: 最后他感觉如何？

0 words

High-Scoring Sample / 高分范文

One day, a boy was walking home from school. Suddenly, he found a brown wallet on the ground. He opened it and saw some money inside. He faced a moral dilemma. He really wanted to buy a new toy, but he knew the money wasn't his. Thinking about the owner, he decided to do the right thing. He took the wallet to the police station. The police officer praised him for his integrity. In the end, the boy felt very proud and happy.

Step 4: Theme Writing

Task: Write an inspiring story about an act of kindness that you have seen or experienced.

Write at least 150 words. Include the following:
1. Setting: When and where did it happen? Who was involved?
2. Conflict: What was the moral dilemma or difficult situation?
3. Action: What did you or the person do? (Try to use a V-ing adverbial, e.g., "Seeing the old man struggling, I...")
4. Conclusion: How did it make you feel? What did you learn about virtues?

中文提示 (Hints)

任务：写一个关于你看到或经历过的善举的鼓舞人心的故事。

至少写 150 个单词：
1. 交代背景和人物。
2. 描述冲突或困境。
3. 描述行动（尝试使用 -ing 形式作状语）。
4. 抒发感悟，点明美德的主题。

0 / 150 words

High-Scoring Sample / 高分范文

Last winter, I experienced a touching moment that taught me the true meaning of kindness. I was waiting for the bus on a freezing morning. Next to me was an old man shivering in the cold wind. He didn't have a thick coat or gloves.

I faced a small moral dilemma. I had a warm scarf in my bag, but it was my favorite one given by my mother. Should I give it to a stranger? Seeing the old man rubbing his hands helplessly, I made my decision. I took out the scarf and gently wrapped it around his neck. He looked at me with surprise and tears in his eyes, saying "Thank you" repeatedly.

At that moment, I didn't feel cold at all. My heart was filled with warmth. This small act of generosity made me realize that virtues like kindness and integrity are not just words in a book. They are actions we take every day. By paying it forward, we can make the world a better place.

Choices of Virtue

Step 1: Sentence Construction

Step 2: Guided Story

Step 3: Look and Write

Step 4: Theme Writing

学情分析 Learning Analytics

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